“We are pregnant” is a sentence you often hear couples say. But do they really say it? While both partners are pregnant together, only one partner goes through all the hassles, morning sickness, sleepless nights, food cravings and more.

But what if the other partner also starts experiencing some of these symptoms, like mood swings, fatigue, and headaches?

Well, we’re not making this up; this phenomenon actually happens. It’s called couvade syndrome or sympathetic pregnancy, and it’s very real. During pregnancy, some men go through symptoms that resemble those of their pregnant partner.

What?

“Couvade syndrome or sympathetic pregnancy is a strange phenomenon in partners of pregnant mothers. It is proposed that expectant fathers may have some symptoms similar to those seen in their partners during pregnancy. There is debate in the scientific community about the existence of this condition and its cause as studies are limited,” explained Dr Isha Wadhawan, Attending Consultant, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Faridabad. india today,

The doctor said the idea that a non-pregnant partner can also feel the physical effects of their partner’s pregnancy dates back thousands of years, where these symptoms were part of customs or rituals in some societies or religions.

“Healthcare providers still don’t understand it well. Most of us think of it as a physical representation of the psychological impact of a partner’s pregnancy,” says Dr Wadhawan.

Further, Dr. Hira Mardi, Consultant Obstetrician & Gynecologist at Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, said that the exact prevalence of Couvade syndrome is not well defined, but it is estimated that a significant percentage of expectant fathers may experience some symptoms.

This phenomenon is not limited to heterosexual couples, as same-sex couples may also develop couvade syndrome.

What causes sympathy pregnancy?

Although the exact cause of couvade syndrome is unknown, Dr Aastha Dayal, chief consultant, obstetrics and gynaecology, CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram, explains that there are two main theories:

• psychological factors: This theory suggests that Couvade syndrome is a way for men to bond with their pregnant partner and cope with the emotional stress of becoming an impending father. Stress, anxiety, and even subconscious desires to become pregnant themselves may play a role.
• Physical factorsSome studies have shown that men whose partners are pregnant may experience hormonal changes, such as a decrease in testosterone and an increase in estrogen and prolactin. These hormonal changes may contribute to the development of symptoms.

“It is not entirely clear whether couvade syndrome is a way of coping with the psychological distress of becoming a father. Some experts believe it may be a way for men to cope with the anxiety and uncertainty of becoming a father. Others believe it is simply a physical expression of empathy,” says Dr Dayal.

Further, Dr Wadhawan adds that it has also been observed that partners of women who have undergone fertility treatment or have had a high-risk pregnancy, delivery or difficult postpartum phase are more likely to experience couvade syndrome, possibly because of increased stress and empathy that can translate into physical complaints.

Let’s talk about the symptoms

According to experts, physical symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bloating, heartburn, constipation or diarrhea, changes in appetite, weight loss or gain, back pain, fatigue, sleep problems, skin problems, leg cramps, and a burning sensation in the urine or genitals.

On the other hand, psychological symptoms may include anxiety, depression, irritability, mood swings, difficulty concentrating, and decreased libido.

Dr. Mardy believes that Covade syndrome can have a significant impact on a partner’s mental health.

Feeling left out of the pregnancy experience and struggling to find their role in the process can lead to feelings of anxiety and depression in non-pregnant partners. They may also feel guilty for not directly experiencing the physical challenges of pregnancy.

Meanwhile, Dr Wadhawan said these symptoms can start as early as the first trimester, as physical symptoms are often evident in pregnant women at this time.

The second trimester of pregnancy is the easiest, and it may be the same for partners suffering from Covid syndrome.

However, symptoms may return in the third trimester, during birth, or in the postpartum period, as this can be a challenging time for the pregnant partner.

Treatment

According to Dr. Dayal, there is no specific medical treatment for Covade syndrome, as it is not a disease, but the good news is that these symptoms often resolve on their own after the baby is born.

Dr. Mardy agrees that the condition is not considered harmful, but if the non-pregnant female partner is experiencing severe physical or psychological symptoms, she should consult a healthcare provider.

Here are some things to keep in mind:

• Open communication is vital for both partners. Tell your partner what you are experiencing and how you are feeling. It is also important to practice empathy and understand what your partner is going through physically and emotionally.
• It is very important to take care of yourself. Manage stress by exercising, meditating or doing yoga.
• Make sure you and your partner maintain healthy habits. Get enough sleep, eat a balanced diet, and stay hydrated.
• Don’t be afraid to seek help. If the non-pregnant partner’s symptoms are severe or worrisome, see a doctor. Consulting a therapist may also be a good option.
• The non-pregnant partner should prepare to become a father by attending prenatal care and learning more about pregnancy.
• Always focus on the positive things. Remember, the goal is to welcome a new baby, so imagine the joy of becoming parents and the excitement of this new chapter.
• Be patient, as Covade syndrome is temporary and usually resolves after the baby arrives.
• It is also important to maintain the hobbies and interests of both partners. Making time for your favorite activities can help reduce stress and improve your mood.

Ground Level

Couvade syndrome is a complex and often misunderstood phenomenon that can have a significant impact on both partners during pregnancy. By recognising and addressing the symptoms of this condition, you can move forward together through the pregnancy journey with understanding and support.

While the increased empathy experienced by the non-pregnant partner with COVID syndrome can certainly be a sign of a closer emotional connection, it does not translate directly into baby care skills. The symptoms themselves can be a source of discomfort, so the man’s primary focus may be to manage his own well-being.

Going through pregnancy together, even if experiencing some of the physical symptoms vicariously, can strengthen the couple’s bond. But it is also important to understand that this condition can be a cause of deep distress for both the pregnant and non-pregnant partners.

The pregnant partner may experience a range of symptoms, from anger at their partner to irritability at not getting enough support from the non-pregnant partner due to their own discomfort. Always remember that open communication and mutual support are very important when navigating this journey together.