Heart health is important for overall well-being, and early detection of cardiovascular problems can significantly reduce the risk of serious complications.

Regular heart checkups are important even in the absence of symptoms, especially for individuals with risk factors such as family history, obesity, smoking or high cholesterol.

Below are some key heart tests and guidelines on when to seek medical help.

blood pressure monitoring

High blood pressure, often called “the silent killer,” is one of the most significant risk factors for heart disease and stroke. Dr. Meenakshi Mohan, consultant pathologist at Newberg Pulse Diagnostics, Kolkata, stressed the importance of regular monitoring.

“Healthy adults should have their blood pressure checked at least every two years, while those with a family history or other risk factors should do so annually.” He advised.

Persistent readings above 130/80 mm Hg require immediate medical consultation to prevent complications.

Cholesterol Test (Lipid Panel)

A lipid panel is necessary to measure total cholesterol, LDL (bad cholesterol), HDL (good cholesterol), and triglycerides. Dr. Mohan recommends this test at least every five years for adults over the age of 20, as well as more frequently for people at risk for high cholesterol or heart disease.

“High LDL levels substantially increase the chances of heart attack and stroke, making it important to manage cholesterol through lifestyle changes and medications.” He added.

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

ECG evaluates the electrical activity of the heart and can detect irregularities such as arrhythmias or early signs of a heart attack.

Dr. Mohan advised that anyone experiencing chest pain, shortness of breath, or a rapid heartbeat should get the test immediately, as these symptoms may indicate underlying heart problems.

stress test

A stress test helps assess how well the heart performs under physical exertion, especially in people with high risk factors or symptoms of heart disease.

“If someone experiences chest discomfort or unusual fatigue during exercise, that is a strong indication for a stress test,” Dr. Mohan said.

blood sugar monitoring

High blood sugar, especially in individuals with diabetes, increases the risk of heart disease. “Regular monitoring of blood sugar and HbA1c is important for people with diabetes, as poor control can lead to cardiovascular complications.” Dr. Mohan explained.

It is important to seek medical attention for heart health if you experience any unusual or concerning symptoms. Warning signs include persistent chest pain or discomfort that spreads to the arms, neck or back, trouble breathing, lightheadedness or dizziness.

“Irregular heartbeat, palpitations, or swelling in the legs may indicate heart problems, and anyone at high risk for heart disease should get tested promptly.” Dr. Mohan advised.